FINAL PRACTICAL EXAM SHORT CASE

 Case of 19Y old male with vomiting and Shortness of breath.

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A 19Y old male, resident of Miryalguda studying degree first year came to the OPD on 24th March 2022 with chief complaints of:

1. Vomitings since 2 days
2. Shortness of breath since afternoon on 24th March 2022.

HISTORY OF PRESENT ILLNESS:

Patient was apparently asymptomatic one and half ago, then he developed polyuria, nocturia, polydypsia one and half year ago, was diagnosed as Diabetic type 1 MISC post COVID and during the hospital stay, on day 5 he went to coma for 7 days, then recovered and discharged after 20 days.

https://nikithaedam48.blogspot.com/2021/06/18-year-old-malefrom-miryalagudawho-is.html?m=1

About 4 months ago,  he developed vomitings, which was non projectile type , food and water as content, DKA 2° to DM

On 24th March, he presented with vomiting 10 episodes in 2days, associated with nausea and abdominal discomfort after episode of vomiting, non projectile, non bilious and had food particles as contents, not blood stained.

H/o outside food consumption.

Shortness of breath at rest, insidious in onset since afternoon,24/03/2022 

No aggrevating and relieving factors.

No  h/o fever, loose stools, cough and cold, pain abdomen, burning micturition. 

PAST HISTORY:

No history of Hypertension, Asthma, Tuberculosis.

FAMILY HISTORY: 

Insignificant

PERSONAL HISTORY:

Daily routine

• 8am - wakes up
• 9am- breakfast
• 10am to 1pm goes to college
• 2pm- Lunch
• 3pm to 6pm- goes out with friends
• 8 pm- dinner
• 9pm- sleep

1. Diet: Mixed
2. Appetite: adequate
3. Sleep: adequate
4. Bowel and bladder: regular
5. No Addictions and allergies
6. No surgical history
7. Treatment history: INSULIN 52-26-52
   
   
   
   
   
    

GENERAL EXAMINATION:

The patient was examined in a well-lit room after informed consent was taken.

He is conscious, coherent, cooperative, well oriented to time, place and person. He was well nourished and well built.

Weight: 75 kgs

Height: 167cms

BMI: 27.7

No Pallor, Icterus, Clubbing, Cyanosis, Koilonychia, Lymphadenopathy, Edema.

VITALS:

1. Temperature: afebrile
2. PR: 76bpm
3. RR: 18cpm
4. BP: 120/80 mmHg
5. SpO2: 96% on RA
6. GRBS: 157mgdL on 28/03/2022

SYSTEMIC EXAMINATION:

PER ABDOMEN

• Inspection:

1. Shape of abdomen - distended 
2. Umbilicus- transverse slit
3. Abdominal movements- equal in all quadrants with respiration, no visible peristalsis.
4. Skin- normal, no scars and sinuses, no engorged veins.

• Palpation:

1. Light palpation- all quadrants are normal, no pain
2. Deep palpation- lipodystrophy felt on right iliac fossa 
3. LIVER: not enlarged
4. SPLEEN- not enlarged
5. KIDNEYS - bimodal palpable kidneys 

• PERCUSSION: no shifting dullness.

• AUSCULTATION: Bowel sounds are heard and are normal.No bruit

CVS:     S1 and S2 heard, no murmurs

CNS:    NAD
RS:       BAE+

INVESTIGATIONS:

SERUM ELECTROLYTES

RANDOM BLOOD SUGAR

BLOOD UREA

HbA1C

HEMOGRAM

LIVER FUNCTION TEST

PHOSPHORUS

SERUM CREATININE

FASTING BLOOD SUGAR

URINE KETONE BODIES

HEMOGRAM

ECG

USG ABDOMEN

Impression: Grade 1 fatty liver.

PROVISIONAL DIAGNOSIS:

Diabetic ketoacidosis 2° to ? inadequate insulin, ?Acute Gastroenteritis.

TREATMENT:

28/03/2022

1. IVF - 20 NS, 20 RL @ 100ml / hr
2. Inj. HUMAN ACTRAPID 40U in 39ml NS @ 5 ml /hr 
3. Inj. PANTOP 40 mg IV  OD 
4. Inj. MONOCEF 1gm IV BD
5. Inj. ZOFER 4mg IV BD 
6. INJ. NEOMOL 1 gm IV SOS ( if temp > 101 F)  
7. Tab. DOLO 650 mg PO SOS
8. Inj. 5% dextrose 50 ml / hr ( if GRBS< 250)
9. Strict GRBS, BP charting