Case of a 55 year old male with fever and altered sensorium

February 07, 2022

 This is an E logbook to discuss our patient's de-identified health data shared after taking his/her/guardian's signed informed consent. Here, we discuss our individual patient's problems through series of inputs from an available global online community of experts with an aim to solve those patient's clinical problems with collective current best evidence-based inputs. This E-logbook also reflects my patient-centered online portfolio and your valuable inputs in the comments are welcome.

I have been given this case to solve in an attempt to understand the topic of " Patient clinical data analysis" to develop my competency in reading and comprehending clinical data including history, clinical findings, investigations, and come up with a diagnosis and treatment plan.

CASE :

This is a case of a 55 year old male, farmer by occupation who presented with:

CHIEF COMPLAINTS:

  1. Fever since 4 days
  2. Altered sensorium since 1 day


HISTORY OF PRESENTING ILLNESS:

Patient was apparently asymptomatic 4 days back, then he developed high grade fever with chills, with no diurnal variation. 

H/o altered sensorium since 1 day.

Patient had apparently stopped taking OHA for 3 days. 

He was talking irrelevantly and was unable to recognize his relatives since 6/2/22 morning. 

So he was taken to Nalgonda hospital where his TLC:13,000, creatinine: 2.9 . He was shifted to the present hospital for further management

He was able to move all his four limbs.

No H/O vomitings, headache, seizures.


PAST HISTORY :

Patient had H/O TB 2 years back for which he used ATT for 6 months.

He was a K/C/O Type 2 Diabetes mellitus since 1 year and from then he has been on OHA. 

No H/O HTN, asthma, CHD. 


PERSONAL HISTORY :

  1. Diet: Mixed
  2. Appetite: Normal
  3. Sleep: Adequate
  4. Bowel and bladder habits: Regular
  5. Addictions: H/O smoking since 30yrs (1 pack per day)

 Consumption of alcohol about 180ml/day since 30 years, decreased intake since 2 years after diagnosis of TB. 


FAMILY HISTORY:     Insignificant


GENERAL EXAMINATION:

Patient is conscious, incoherent, non-cooperative

 No pallor, icterus, clubbing, cyanosis, lymphadenopathy, edema




VITALS :

  1. Temperature: 97°F
  2. Pulse rate :126 bpm
  3. Blood Pressure : 190/80 mmHg
  4. Respiratory rate : 28cpm
  5. SPO2 - 97 % at RA
  6. GRBS- 436 mg/dl



SYSTEMIC EXAMINATION:

  1. CVS : S1 S2 heard , no murmurs
  2. RS Bilateral Air entry present, NVBS Dyspnoea present
  3. P/A : soft,non tender
  4. CNS: 

Patient is conscious, not oriented ,non cooperative 

HMF: couldn't be elicited.


Motor system: unable to move right LL against gravity

Tone -     Rt             Lt

U/L            N            N

L/L         ?HYPO      N            

Reflexes:Biceps, triceps, supinator, knee, ankle: can't be elicited.

O/E -  Neck stiffness present , appears to be ?Spondyloarthropathy


LAB INVESTIGATIONS:


On 6/2/22







On 8/2/22:

ECG


CHEST XRAY 














PROVISIONAL DIAGNOSIS:

Hyperosmolar Nonketotic state with Diabetic Nephropathy 


TREATMENT :

1.IVF 2 UNITS NS IV_BOLUS/STAT.

AND THEN IVF NS@100ML/HR

2.INJ.HAI 6U/IV/STAT

3.INJ.HUMAN ACTRAPID 1ML(40U) 

4.INJ.THIAMINE 1AMP IN 100ML NS/IV/OD

5.INJ.OPTINEURON 1 AMP IN 100ML NS/IV/OD

6.GRBS MONITORING-EVERY HOURLY.

7.INJ.MONOCEF 2GM/IV/BD.





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